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Tiger Check

Automating the US Air Force Fighter Pilot in Air-to-Air Combat, 1950–1980

Steven A. Fino

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How did American fighter pilots respond to the challenges posed by increasing automation?

Spurred by their commanders during the Korean War to be "tigers," aggressive and tenacious American fighter pilots charged headlong into packs of fireball-spewing enemy MiGs, relying on their keen eyesight, piloting finesse, and steady trigger fingers to achieve victory. But by the 1980s, American fighter pilots vanquished their foes by focusing on a four-inch-square cockpit display, manipulating electromagnetic waves, and launching rocket-propelled guided missiles from miles away. In this new era of...

How did American fighter pilots respond to the challenges posed by increasing automation?

Spurred by their commanders during the Korean War to be "tigers," aggressive and tenacious American fighter pilots charged headlong into packs of fireball-spewing enemy MiGs, relying on their keen eyesight, piloting finesse, and steady trigger fingers to achieve victory. But by the 1980s, American fighter pilots vanquished their foes by focusing on a four-inch-square cockpit display, manipulating electromagnetic waves, and launching rocket-propelled guided missiles from miles away. In this new era of automated, long-range air combat, can fighter pilots still be considered tigers?

Aimed at scholars of technology and airpower aficionados alike, Steven A. Fino’s Tiger Check offers a detailed study of air-to-air combat focusing on three of the US Air Force’s most famed aircraft: the F-86E Sabre, the F-4C Phantom II, and the F-15A Eagle. Fino argues that increasing fire control automation altered what fighter pilots actually did during air-to-air combat. Drawing on an array of sources, as well as his own decade of experience as an F-15C fighter pilot, Fino unpacks not just the technological black box of fighter fire control equipment, but also fighter pilots’ attitudes toward their profession and their evolving aircraft. He describes how pilots grappled with the new technologies, acutely aware that the very systems that promised to simplify their jobs while increasing their lethality in the air also threatened to rob them of the quintessential—albeit mythic—fighter pilot experience. Finally, Fino explains that these new systems often required new, unique skills that took time for the pilots to identify and then develop.

Eschewing the typical "great machine" or "great pilot" perspectives that dominate aviation historiography, Tiger Check provides a richer perspective on humans and machines working and evolving together in the air. The book illuminates the complex interactions between human and machine that accompany advancing automation in the workplace.

Reviews

Reviews

Ultimately, this work is one of the best works of air power (and technology) history that this reviewer has read in quite some time, and will likely become a standard of the field. It certainly sets a very high bar for other historians. For those interested in pilot culture and/or aircraft technology, this is required reading, while still pointing towards directions for future scholarship.

This is a masterly analysis of fighter combat in the Korean and Vietnam wars and beyond...an outstanding book showing how pilots grappled with new technologies that promised to simplify their jobs while increasing their lethality in the air but, the author says, also threatened to rob them of the quintessential fighter pilot experience.

Thoroughly researched, well organized, and masterfully written, Tiger Check takes readers inside the cockpit to really get a feel for the complexities inherent in—and the technological and cultural evolution of—fighter aviation.

Until you read this book you will never fully understand how the marriage of fighter pilot culture and technology, often marked by deep disagreements, has nonetheless survived in the long term to produce the world’s greatest fighter aircraft and fighter pilots.

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About

Book Details

Publication Date
Status
Available
Trim Size
6.125
x
9.25
Pages
448
ISBN
9781421423272
Illustration Description
45 b&w photos, 30 line drawings
Table of Contents

Acknowledgments
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
1. Introduction
2. The Myth of the Fighter Pilot
Crafting the Mythical Ace
Revisiting the History
Ritualizing the Myth
War's Next Test
Conclusion
3. Sabres

Acknowledgments
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
1. Introduction
2. The Myth of the Fighter Pilot
Crafting the Mythical Ace
Revisiting the History
Ritualizing the Myth
War's Next Test
Conclusion
3. Sabres over Korea
A New Solution to an Old Gunnery Problem
Thrust into War
Capturing Glory
Using the New Gunsights
Conclusion
4. Phantoms over Vietnam
A New Approach to the Gunnery Problem
Thrust into War, Again
Tension in the Air
Who Gets the Credit?
Conclusion
5. Eagles over Nellis
A Pure Air-to-Air Fighter
Trial by Test
"Sorting" Things Out
Conclusion
6. Conclusion
The Irony of the Fighter Pilot
A Lesson for Future Automation
Knights or Scientists?
Notes
Works Cited
Index

Author Bio
Featured Contributor

Steven A. Fino

Steven A. Fino is a US Air Force command pilot and a graduate of the Air Force’s Weapons School. He is currently assigned to the Pentagon.